68. At the time of the 2023 visit, seven pre-removal detention centres were operating throughout Greece, with a total capacity of 3 676 places.23 The CPT delegation carried out follow-up visits to the following six centres: Corinth PRDC (Peloponnese),24 Fylakio PRDC (Evros, East Macedonia and Thrace),25 Kos PRDC (South Aegean),26 Paranesti PRDC (Drama, East Macedonia and Thrace),27 Tavros (Petrou Ralli) PRDC (Attica)28 and Xanthi PRDC (Xanthi, East Macedonia and Thrace).29 b. conditions of detention 69. Conditions of detention for detained foreign nationals varied significantly from one centre to another. They were particularly poor at Corinth PRDC. 70. In terms of material conditions, the delegation found that, in most pre-removal detention centres visited, there were many cells or rooms which had broken doors, windows, heating systems and/or beds. In several centres, sanitary facilities were in a poor state of maintenance and had broken showers and toilets or leaking pipes. None of the centres had a dedicated space for persons to take their meals, which meant that persons ate in their dormitories. The result was that most of the cells or rooms were infested with vermin, including cockroaches and bed bugs. Fumigation was insufficient. Detained persons were usually not provided with detergent to clean their cells and received insufficient hygiene products to keep their clothes and themselves clean. Mattresses and blankets were often thin and dirty. Several centres did not regularly provide heating and warm water. 71. Xanthi PRDC, located within the former regional police academy of the city of Xanthi in Northern Greece, started operating in 2012 and consists of two double-storey buildings, each with a secure fenced perimeter topped with barbed wire. At the time of the visit, 181 adult men were held at the centre for an operational capacity of 210 places.30 The material conditions observed in the centre could be considered acceptable. Up to five or six foreign nationals were held together in the 76 dormitories (measuring 26 m2), that were located on the two floors of the two accommodation blocks. The doors of the rooms had been removed and detained persons used blankets in their place. One room on each floor had been converted into a prayer room. Most rooms were adequately lit and ventilated and kept in an acceptable state of repair, and most contained a table, plastic chairs and a cupboard space. A few cells were equipped with a television and a fridge. The two sanitary facilities per floor, each containing seven floor-level toilets and seven showers as well as several large wash basins, were generally clean. However, some rooms did not have a window and therefore had no access to natural light. Many air-conditioning units which also provided heating did not work and many windows were broken. Most persons complained about the presence of cockroaches and bed bugs. There were no functioning washing machines and detained persons had insufficient hygiene and cleaning materials. Many showers and toilets were broken and in need of repair, and water was leaking from one of the sanitary facilities on the upper floor through the ceiling on the ground floor. Warm water was only provided three times a week for five hours. 23. The Lesvos PRDC has suspended its operations due to extensive damage incurred during the large-scale fire of September 2020 which destroyed the Moria Reception and Identification Centre. Further, a ninth preremoval detention centre has been legally established on Samos, but was not yet operational at the time of the visit. 24. See the report on the CPT’s 2015 visit (CPT/Inf (2016) 4), paragraphs 111-113. 25. See the report on the CPT’s 2018 visit (CPT/Inf (2019) 4), paragraphs 104-108; the 2020 visit report (CPT/Inf (2020) 35), paragraphs 31-33; and 2013 visit report (CPT/Inf 2014) 26), paragraphs 74 and 77. 26. See the report on the CPT’s 2018 visit (CPT/Inf (2019) 4), paragraph 101. 27. See the report on the CPT’s 2013 visit (CPT/Inf 2014) 26), paragraphs 70 and 72. 28. See the report on the CPT’s 2016 visit (CPT/Inf (2017) 25), paragraph 58; the 2015 visit report (CPT/Inf (2016) 4), paragraphs 114-117; and the 2013 visit report (CPT/Inf 2014) 26), paragraphs 75 and 77. 29. See the report on the CPT’s 2013 visit (CPT/Inf 2014) 26), paragraphs 71-72. 30. About one third (69 persons) were from Egypt. About one third (62 persons) were detained on public order grounds and about one third (62 persons) had applied for asylum. 28 foreign nationals were held for more than six months at Xanthi PRDC, including five for over 12 months – the longest was being detained there for 14.5 months at the time of the visit. 21