opening of the CCAC, people held there have been without access to reliable running water, with 85 availability only for limited hours a day. As a result, people are unable to flush toilets throughout the day, showering and maintaining sufficient hygiene is challenging and are without access to laundry services in the facility. This has resulted in an ongoing scabies, flea and bed bug 86 infestation and rapid spread of preventable skin infections. Similar findings were found in the 2024 European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) Report, “The sanitary facilities […] were in a dreadful state and in need of repair. Not surprisingly, it was not possible to maintain personal 87 hygiene, and the delegation came across outbreaks of scabies and bed bugs86in all CCACs”. ______(2) Mainland According to the MoMA, the Diavata RIC provides for a “safe, controlled access facility, with 88 upgraded living conditions for its residents”. Nonetheless, MIT’s 2023 research found that 37% of respondents were not provided with enough basic necessary items, including personal hygiene items, during their de facto detention within the RICs of Malakasa and Diavata. 89 In addition, unhygienic conditions within both facilities were mentioned by 21% of respondents, including reports of extremely dirty conditions and mould on mattresses. Respondents reported that they were moved into dirty containers with food remains from previous residents (see Annex 5). 90 Furthermore, people arriving in mainland camps are not provided with basic items, such as blankets and lining. 91 Specifically, in 2024 a woman from Somalia residing in Ritsona camp reported to MIT and RLS that: “[w]hen we arrived [in the camp], it was very cold. It was raining. We didn’t have blankets, bedsheets, or anything. Other Somalis had to provide us with that”.92 d) Conditions in camps: insufficient water and food supply ______ (1) Samos In Samos, people are only provided with 1.5l of drinking water per day. 93 The food is insufficient in quantity and quality, leading to gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhoea, constipation and haemorrhoids. 94 People in the CCAC described the distribution of food as “humiliating”. People ______ _____ _________________________________ 85. Lydia Emmanouilidou. 2023. ‘This is inexcusable’: What's behind deteriorating conditions in Greek island asylum camps?. The New Humanitarian. Available at: https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news-feature/2023/12/04/inexcusable-whats-behinddeteriorating-conditions-greek-island-asylum-camps; Refugee Support Aegean et al. Joint Statement. 2024. Not again in 2024: Call for upholding human rights in the Samos Closed Controlled Access Centre. P. 3. Available at: https://ihaverights.eu/wpcontent/uploads/2024/01/Joint-Statement-Samos.pdf. 86. Border Violence Monitoring Network. 2024. Illegal Pushbacks and Border Violence Reports: Monthly Report October 2023. Available at: https://borderviolence.eu/app/uploads/BVMN-Monthly-Report-October-2023.pdf; Refugee Support Aegean et al. Joint Statement. 2024. Not again in 2024: Call for upholding human rights in the Samos Closed Controlled Access Centre. Available at: https://ihaverights.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Joint-Statement-Samos.pdf. 87. Council of Europe. 2024. Report to the Greek Government on the visit to Greece carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 20 November to 1 December 2023. Para 126. Available at: https://rm.coe.int/1680b0e4e1 88. HRMoMA, Available at: https://migration.gov.gr/en/ris/perifereiakes-monades/domes/k-y-t-diavaton/. 89. Mobile Info Team. 2023. Protection Unavailable: Dysfunctional Practices and Restrictions on the Right to Asylum. Available at: https://www.mobileinfoteam.org/ric. 90. Ibid. 91. Mobile Info Team and Refugee Legal Support. 2024. Report on camps’ conditions, to be issued. 92. Ibid. 93. Border Violence Monitoring Network. 2024. Illegal Pushbacks and Border Violence Reports: Monthly Report May 2024. P. 17. Available at: https://borderviolence.eu/app/uploads/BVMN-Monthly-Report-May-2024.pdf.pdf. 94. Refugee Support Aegean et al. Joint Statement. 2024. Not again in 2024: Call for upholding human rights in the Samos Closed Controlled Access Centre. P. 4. Available at: https://ihaverights.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Joint-Statement-Samos.pdf. 11