Forced Returns Forced returns (executed expulsions) entail the physical removal of the irregular migrant despite his consent. A migrant who is forcibly returned is registered in the list of unwanted third country nationals.118 In cases where a migrant refuses to board the means of transport, his removal takes place with police escort. Interestingly enough, the safeguards foreseen by the Greek law 119 in such cases concern only “the safe transfer, stay and return” of the police escorts and not of the migrant. Table 20. Apprehensions- Executed Expulsions 2008-2013 Year Apprehensions Expulsions 2008 146,337 20,555 2009 126,145 20,342 2010 132,524 17,340 2011 99,368 8,741 2012 76,878 6,798 2013 43,002 8,780 TOTAL 624,254 82,556 According to law 3386/2005120, the cost of forced return is borne by the migrant. If the migrant does not possess the necessary resources, then the sum spent is considered a public expenditure. In the period 2008-2013, there was a sharp decrease in forced expulsions, particularly from 2011 onwards, attributable largely to the entry into force of the visaliberalization regime for Albanian nationals. Voluntary Returns/Assisted Voluntary Returns Greek Law does not specify in great detail the procedure in place for migrants who opt for voluntary return. In practice, anyone who wishes to return may apply to do so at any time. Applications for voluntary returns are in general addressed to the IOM and the Police, while assisted voluntary return is carried out by IOM. The procedure followed is as follows: 118 Articles 76-83 Law 3386/2005 which has remained in force under the new Migration Code, Law N. 4251/2014 Article 139 par. 2 119 120 Ibid. Ibid. Page 54