4. Refoulement, readmissions and deportations 16 honour its obligations under the Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1951), the European Convention on Human Rights (article 3) and other human rights instruments. In particular, Turkey maintains the geographical limitation to the Geneva Convention, i.e. the so-called »non-Europeans«, which are the vast majority of people who seek asylum in Turkey, are not eligible to stay in Turkey as refugees in the long term. Instead, the Turkish Government offers them a very inadequate domestic protection status referred to as »temporary asylum«, which allows them to stay in Turkey until the UNHCR may find a »durable solution« for them elsewhere. Access to the asylum procedure is not guaranteed; in detention it’s even impossible. Access to lawyers and UNHCR staff is being denied. The detention The impact of the readmission agreement must be evaluated. The Readmission Agreement is part of the deportation procedure as its existence effectively facilitates making and enforcing questionable deportation decisions, which violate human rights. People are returned to Turkey without having had the possibility to present an asylum application or to access legal remedies against the forced return, and without any individual assessment of their case. The amendment of the simplified procedure at the border (maximum one week) hinders people even more from asserting their rights. Furthermore, there is no individual assessment if the Turkey will not respect, or will be unable to protect, the human rights of the returned persons. Third nationals are subject to expulsion to Turkey, which lacks an adequate asylum system and fails to READMISSIONS GR – TR 2009 H1 2010 H2 2010 2010 Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 Requests* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16123 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4173 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10198 Approved readmissions* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 842 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1457 Completed readmissions* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501 Persons per request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,34243458 . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,96315789 . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,38095238 . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,56949153 % of approved requests* . . . . . . 6,041059356 . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,73759885 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,97510373 . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,28711512 % of deported persons . . . . . . . . . 1,755256466 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,605559549 . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,203319502 . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,912727986 Table 1: Readmissions from Greece to Turkey 2009-2010 Year Readmission requests No. of irregular migrants affected * per person Accepted by Turkey (in persons) Completed readmissions (in persons) 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.251 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.728 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.452 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.527 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.516 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.123 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.198 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.457 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.758 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.552 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730 Table 2: Readmissions from Greece to Turkey (Source: Ministry of Citizen Protection)