-2CONTENTS
I.
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 3
A.
Dates of the visit and composition of the delegation.............................................................. 3
B.
List of establishments visited by the CPT’s delegation ......................................................... 3
C.
Context of the visit .................................................................................................................... 4
D.
Consultations held and cooperation encountered ................................................................. 5
E.
Immediate observations under Article 8, paragraph 5, of the Convention......................... 6
II.
FACTS FOUND DURING THE VISIT AND ACTION PROPOSED ................................ 7
A.
Foreign nationals deprived of their liberty under aliens’ legislation ................................... 7
1.
B.
Preliminary remarks .......................................................................................................... 7
a.
Background .............................................................................................................. 7
b.
Legal framework: administrative and criminal........................................................ 8
2.
Ill-treatment ..................................................................................................................... 10
3.
Safeguards against ill-treatment ...................................................................................... 11
4.
Conditions of detention ................................................................................................... 13
a.
Conditions that may amount to inhuman and degrading treatment ....................... 14
b.
Conditions in other places visited .......................................................................... 17
i.
Police and border guard stations in the Evros region ................................. 17
ii.
Filakio Reception and Identification centre (RIC) ....................................... 19
iii. Malakasa camp ............................................................................................ 20
5.
Children in immigration detention .................................................................................. 21
6.
Health care ...................................................................................................................... 23
7.
The practice of pushbacks across the Turkish border and at sea .................................... 25
Concluding remarks ............................................................................................................... 28