serious violations of fundamental rights or international protection obligations committed by a host Member State.605 5.3. Appeal Indicators: Fast-track border procedure: Appeal Same as regular procedure 1. Does the law provide for an appeal against the decision in the accelerated procedure? Yes No ❖ If yes, is it Judicial Administrative ❖ If yes, is it suspensive Yes Some grounds No A total of 12,552 appeals against decisions in the asylum procedure were lodged in 2025. Of these, 12,129 were lodged on the mainland and the remaining (423) on the islands.606 Main countries of origin for these appeals in 2025 were Egypt (36.4%), Bangladesh (10.2%), Pakistan (7.1%), Nepal (5.5%) and Sierra Leone (5.4%).607 Changes in the Appeals Committees As noted in the Regular procedure - Appeal, Article 148 Asylum Code608 provides that the Appeals Committees under the Independent Appeals Authority, comprised of administrative judges, may operate in a single or three-member composition. On 3 December 2024, the Greek Council of State declared that the single composition of the Independent Appeals Committees in asylum procedures is unconstitutional (against Article 89 (2) of the Constitution).609 Decision No. 1150/2025 of the Plenary Session of the Council of State on June 26, 2025, declared the provision establishing Single-Judge Appeals Committees to be unconstitutional as contrary to Article 89 of the Constitution. The Court ruled by a majority that Article 89(2) of the Constitution does not permit the assignment to a judicial officer of the duties of a single-member administrative body, even if that body exercises powers of a disciplinary, supervisory, or adjudicatory nature. Consequently, the provision of Article 5(7) of Law 4375/2016, as that article was replaced by Article 116(2) of Law 4636/ 2019 and that paragraph was reworded by Article 30(2) of Law 4686/2020, is unconstitutional to the extent that it provides that the Independent Appeals Committees may operate with a single-member composition. Additionaly, the Court, taking into account the large number of negative decisions on applications for international protection that have been rendered by single-member Independent Appeals Committees and the difficulties the Administration will face due to the actual situation arising from the retroactive nature of the found unconstitutionality, ruled that the consequences of the unconstitutionality shall take effect as of the day prior to the publication of this decision. Specifically, from the day prior to the publication of the decision onwards, administrative appeals filed against decisions of the Asylum Service may not be heard by single-member Independent Appeals Committees. The above decision was published on June 26, 2025.; Consequently, the consequences of unconstitutionality, and specifically that (Note 12 of the Decision) “Article 89(2) of the Constitution does not permit the assignment to a judicial officer of the duties of a single-member administrative body” took 605 606 607 608 609 EUAA, Management Board Decision No 166 of 25 September 2024 on the Fundamental Rights Strategy 20242028, available here. MoMA, Statistics: Consolidated Reports – Overviews for January to, December 2025 - International Protection | Appendix A, available at: https://migration.gov.gr/statistika/, Table 9a. Ibid. Table 9b. Previously Article 116 IPA. Greek Council of State, Announcement of 3rd December 2024 by the President of the Council of State, available here. 134