ground in practice, it could reasonably be presumed that in the latter version reference to the first country of asylum is erroneous. As already mentioned, statistics regarding 2025, apart from not including the relevant break down, leave way for much interpretation since the difference between the two years (2024 and 2025) requires further clarification. Reasonable reservations regarding their accuracy are maintained. Since mid-2016, namely from the very first decisions applying the safe third country concept in the cases of Syrian nationals, up until October 2024,848 first instance decisions dismissing the applications of Syrian nationals as inadmissible based on the designation of Türkiye as a safe third country in the Fast-Track Border Procedure, were based on a pre-defined template provided to Regional Asylum Offices or Asylum Units on the islands, and were identical –except for the applicants’ personal details and a few lines mentioning their statements– and repetitive.849 Specifically, the Asylum Service reaches the conclusion that Türkiye is a safe third country for Syrian nationals, relying on: (a) the provisions of Turkish legal regime in force, i.e., the Turkish Law on Foreigners and International Protection (LFIP), published on 4 April 2013, 850 the Turkish Temporary Protection Regulation (TPR), published on 2014851 and the Regulation on Work Permit for Applicants for and Beneficiaries of International Protection, published on 26 April 2016, 852 without taking into consideration its critical amendments, based on emergency measures; 853 (b) the letters, dated 2016, exchanged between the European Commission and Turkish authorities,854 (c) the letters, dated 2016, exchanged between the European Commission and the Greek authorities,855 (d) the 2016 letters of UNHCR to the Greek Asylum Service, regarding the implementation of Turkish law about temporary protection for Syrians returning from Greece to Türkiye and (e) sources, indicated only by title and link, without proceeding to any concrete reference and legal analysis of the parts they base their conclusions. Second instance decisions under the JMD 538595/2023856 Throughout 2024, 1,167 “inadmissible/safe country of origin” decisions were issued by the Appeals Committee under the JMD 538595/2023.857 Of these, 10 decisions concerned Albania and 25 North 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 i.e., date at which the CJEU delivered its judgement in Case C-134/23, which is available here, see also joint press release by GCR and RSA, who represented the case before the Court, available here and here. ECRE, The role of EASO operations in national asylum systems, 29 November 2019, available at: https://bit.ly/2RVALRt, pp. 33 and 35; ECRE et al., The implementation of the hotspots in Italy and Greece, December 2016, p. 38, available at: https://bit.ly/4a8glLp. On Lesvos, see GCR, GCR Mission to Lesvos – November 2016, available at: https://bit.ly/3Gv1rRT, p. 20; On Samos, see GCR, GCR Mission to Samos – June 2016, available at: https://bit.ly/3GvJJO6, p. 20 On Leros and Kos, see GCR, GCR Mission to Leros and Kos – May to November 2016, p. 32, available at: https://bit.ly/3t7mWoI. Türkiye: Law No. 6458 of 2013 on Foreigners and International Protection, 4 April 2013, as amended by the Emergency Decree No 676, 29 October 2016, available at: https://bit.ly/3LhAJhk. National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities, Türkiye: Temporary Protection Regulation, 22 October 2014, available at: https://bit.ly/2YM9F3T. National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities, Türkiye: Regulation on Work Permit of International Protection Applicants and International Protection Status Holders, 26 April 2016, available at: https://bit.ly/3oTLij3. Venice Commission, Opinion No. 865 / 2016, Opinion on the Emergency Decree Laws Nos. 667-676 adopted following the failed coup of 15 July 2016, adopted at its 109th plenary session, 9-10 December 2016, Doc. CDL-AD(2016)037, available at: https://bit.ly/3uQDa6h; International Commission of Jurists, Türkiye: Justice suspended, Access to justice and the State of Emergency in Türkiye, 2018, available at: https://bit.ly/3DlcsTi, p. 2. Letters between the European Commission and the Turkish and Greek authorities between April and July 2016, available at: https://bit.ly/4bbi6Y2. Ibid. See here. MoMA, Statistics, Consolidated Reports - Overview 2024- International Protection | Appendix A, available in English here, table 8b 183