Court of Human Rights. (1995, March 23). Case of Loizidou v. Turkey. Application no. 15318/89. para. 71. https://hudoc.echr.coe.
int/fre?i=001-57920
26
European Court of Human Rights. (1999, July 28). Case of Selmouni v. France. Application no. 25803/94. para 101.
https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-58287
27
Nikolaos Sitaropoulos. Verfassungsblog. (2016, March 15). Rule of law in Greece buckles under institutionalised ill-treatment by law enforcement agents.
https://verfassungsblog.de/rule-of-law-in-greece-buckles-under-institutionalised-ill-treatment-by-law-enforcement-agents/
Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN). (2021, May 4). 2020 Annual Torture Report. https://www.borderviolence.
28
eu/annual-torture-report-2020/
29
United Nations. (1990, December 18). International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers
and Members of Their Families. General Assembly resolution 45/158. Article 10.
https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-convention-protection-rights-all-migrant-workers
30
European Court of Human Rights. (2018, March 20). Case of Ireland v. The United Kingdom. Application no. 5310/71.
para 167. https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/fre?i=001-181585 ; European Court of Human Rights. (2004, July 4). Case of Ilaşcu and
others v. Moldova and Russia. Application no. 48787/99). para 426. https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/fre?i=001-61886 ; and European
Court of Human Rights. (1999, July 28). Case of Selmouni v. France. Application no. 25803/94. para 96. https://hudoc.echr.coe.
int/eng?i=001-58287
31
European Court of Human Rights. (2016, October 20). Case of Muršić v. Croatia, Application no. 7334/13. para 97.
https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-167483
32
European Court of Human Rights. (2016, December 15). Case of Khlaifia and Others v. Italy, Application no. 16483/12.
para 160. https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/fre?i=001-170054
33
ECRE. (2021, February 5). Greece: Detainees on Hunger-strike Protesting Torture, Government to Pay Compensation for
Inhumane Conditions, New Reports of Systematic Pushbacks. https://ecre.org/greece-detainees-on-hunger-strike-protesting-torture-government-to-pay-compensation-for-inhumane-conditions-new-reports-of-systematic-pushbacks/
And Ekathimerini. (2021, January 30). Police launches probe into claims of violence against migrants. https://www.ekathimerini.
com/news/261847/police-launches-probe-into-claims-of-violence-against-migrants/
European Court of Human Rights. (2009, October 20). Case of Kop v. Turkey. Application no. 12728/05. para 27. (avail34
able only in French) http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-95158
35
United Nations General Assembly. (2010, February 9). Manfred Nowak. Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and
other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. A/HRC/13/39, para. 60.
https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G10/100/42/PDF/G1010042.pdf?OpenElement
European Court of Human Rights. (2010, June 1). Case of Gäfgen v. Germany. Application no.22978/05. para 108. http://
36
hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-99015
37
Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN). (2022). Internal violence Report: Greece.
https://www.borderviolence.eu/wp-content/uploads/Internal-Violence-Greece-2022.pdf
38
Respondent 38, Kurdistan (Iran). Detained in Corinth PRDC.
39
Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN). Reports Database. https://www.borderviolence.eu/violence-reports/
40
Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN). (2022, September 16). Testimony Report. “If the Greece don’t deport me
I want to stay here. I want to learn, I want to teach but they deport me. Deport again. Now, what can I do?”. https://www.borderviolence.eu/violence-reports/pushback-from-greece-to-turkey/
41
Council of Europe. (2010; October 28). 20th General Report of the CPT. CPT/Inf (2010) 28. https://rm.coe.int/1680696a87
42
Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN). (2020). Testimony Report. “Stranded on an Evros island for five days”.
https://www.borderviolence.eu/violence-reports/november-11-2021-0000-island-near-nei-psathades/
43
Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN). (2021). Testimony Report. “If anyone can speak English, you can come
work for them [Greek police] for six months and then you will be given papers for asylum”. https://www.borderviolence.eu/violence-reports/april-8-2021-0600-island-near-karayusuflu/
44
Respondent 9, Afghanistan. Detained in Corinth PRDC.
45
Respondent 10, Afghanistan. Detained in Corinth PRDC.
46
Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN). Reports Database. https://www.borderviolence.eu/violence-reports/
47
Forensic Architecture. (2022). Investigation. Pushbacks Across the Evros/Meriç River: Parvin Case.
https://forensic-architecture.org/investigation/pushbacks-across-the-evros-meric-river-the-case-of-parvin
Greek Ombudsman. (2022, July 13). Return of third country nationals.
48
https://www.theioi.org/ioi-news/current-news/greek-ombudsman-publishes-special-report-on-returns-of-third-country-nationals
49
United Nations Committee Against Torture (CAT). (2019, September 2). Concluding observations on the seventh periodic report of Greece. CAT/C/GRC/CO/7.
https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G19/260/55/PDF/G1926055.pdf?OpenElement
Ibid.
50
51
United Nations Human Rights Committee. (1992). General Comment No. 20: Prohibition of torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (article 7). para. 5. https://www.refworld.org/docid/453883fb0.html
52
European Court of Human Rights. (2002, July 29). Case of Pretty v. Royaume-Uni. Application no. 2346/02. para 52.
https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-60448
53
Infomigrants. (2021, March 29). Protests over Kurdish migrant’s death in Greek detention camp. https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/31169/protests-over-kurdish-migrants-death-in-greek-detention-camp ; and Katja Lihtenvalner. (2017, November 22). Horrors of Greek Detention Facilities Force Migrants to Attempt Suicides.
https://lihtenvalner.medium.com/horrors-of-greek-detention-facilities-force-migrants-to-attempt-suicides-814092fc8a12
54
Respondent 15, Iraq. Detained in Amygdaleza PRDC.
55
European Court of Human Rights. (2017, April 4). Case of Thuo v. Cyprus. Application no. 3869/07. para 163. http://
hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-172459
56
European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. (2018). Training Manual on the Prohibiton of Torture and Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment. https://rm.coe.int/training-manual-prohibiton-torture-eng/1680933627
57
Greek National Commission for Human Rights (GNCHR). (2021, May). ENNHRI’s project. National Report on the situation
of human rights of migrants at the borders.
http://ennhri.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Greek-National-Report.pdf
22
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