CONCLUSION This research evidences the extensive reports of physical and psychological abuse used against people on the move held in formal detention sites across Greece. The use of extreme punishment tactics has been extensively evidenced in our testimonies, particularly in Corinth, Amygdaleza and Paranesti PRDCs, highlighting that punitive rights abuses are employed to control and intimidate detainees. In addition, the consistency and severity of violence evidenced in our testimonies indicates practices which are systematically applied by Greek authorities, particularly as they correspond to the trends and typologies of violence documented in pushback operations at the border. BVMN is further alarmed by the intimidation tactics which are employed to silence people out of fear, denying them the right to effective remedy as well as reducing public visibility on the matter. The deteriorating conditions of detention facilities and significant lack of access to legal support or healthcare further amplifies the critical situation of fundamental human rights violations occurring frequently at these sites. As a result, the general state of mental ill health is severe, leading to incidents of self harm and suicide. The additional fact that in Greece, formal deportations have rarely taken place since 2020 - due to failed EU readmission agreements or a lack of bilateral agreements - mean that the majority of individuals are deprived of their liberty and subject to ill treatment for no legally justifiable reason. As per European legislation,60 detention should only be used as a measure of last resort, rather than as a normalised practice for both asylum seekers and third country nationals detained subject to return orders. As such, BVMN asserts that failure to improve the detention conditions in places of detention which are routinely used to detain migrants and refugees, form part of a much broader tactic of deliberative and punitive rights abuses aimed to systematically prevent or reduce migration flows into the country. Finally, the significant divergence of detention practices from European and Greek laws - and lack of accountability mechanisms triggered as a response - further indicates the normalisation of the erosion of law in Greece. As you know, all the world knows that Greece treats refugees badly, and everyone knows about it and how shit they treat people in detention centres and how they beat them, how they torture them and generally everyone knows thats how it is happening here and I am ready to complain about it in everywhere, anyone wants to talk, I want to talk with. They told us all the time that you can’t complain about us to anyone, they treat us badly, and also, they told us like you shouldn’t talk about it to no one. Respondent 26, Kurdistan (Iran). Detained in Fylakio and Paranesti PRDC 18