It is unclear as to why the UNHCR stepped down in
September from its central role within Greece’s
RCA programme, however this shift is in alignment
with the Greek government’s explicit desire to end
the ‘migration crisis’ once and for all. In a statement
issued by the Greek Ministry for Migration and
Asylum, the government body “thanks the United
Nations High Commissioner for Refugees for its
cooperation so far and the European Commission
for funding,” reminding interlocutors how “the
country covers its obligations to provide material
assistance to asylum seekers,” and how “the
transition of the programs from the international
organisations to the Ministry…constitutes part of
the government’s plan for full recovery of control in
migration.”
In the middle of October, just two weeks after the
RCA changed bureaucratic hands, more than
36,000 eligible recipients of cash assistance had
not received their support, as reported by twenty-six
organisations working on the ground. In response,
the ministry contended that, in fact, “no delay” was
undergone regarding pay-outs to camp residents
and that cards would be reloaded by the end of the
month. UNHCR Greece, on their website, maintain
that they are still not privy to “the future modality to
provide assistance to cover basic needs” by the
Greek authorities, leading to further questions of
the Ministry’s commitment to durable material
solutions for PoM. To this day, those who are
eligible for cash assistance – dependent on their
present status – have received back payments, with
many only receiving a halved figure if they are
being provided meals through the continuation of
catering programmes within camp facilities.
Furthermore, thousands who no longer have ‘legal
status’ still await cash assistance back-payments
from the end of 2021 and local organisations report
60% of camp residents across Greece without
access to sufficient food since the start of the new
year – a harbinger of a prolonged ‘hunger crisis’.
Hunger Crisis
The middle of October 2021 saw widespread
demonstrations by POM, aid workers and those in
solidarity across Greece due to restrictive access –
and at times an absence altogether – to food. In
Nea Kavala reception camp in northern Greece,
asylum seekers bore cardboard signs with
messages to the Greek government: “Do your kids
go to school without food?” and “No Food!!!!!!! We
want our money Mitsotakis give us our money!!!!"
According to legislation, passed in October 2020
(Article 114 of the Law 4636/2019, Law 4636/2019
amended by Article 111 of the Law 4674/2020, Law
4674/2020), all material support provided by the
Greek government will, in effect, cease thirty days
following an asylum decision; a cessation which
comprises accommodation and cash assistance as
well as alimental and hygienic provisions. Those
living in camps in Greece who have received a
rejected claim for asylum, or are deemed ineligible,
based on nationality, are subsequently denied the
right to food, cash assistance, and accommodation,
in some instances, prior to thirty days following the
decision.
According to IOM Greece, there are over 16,000
people living in reception centres across the Greek
mainland. Catering contracts provided by the
Ministry indicate that just over 10,000 camp
residents are allowed meals, leaving nearly 40% of
camp residents on the mainland – wherein 40% of
the population are children – without access to food.
With added pressure from the European Home
Affairs Commissioner, Ylva Johansson, calling upon
Greece to ensure the safety and material security of
‘the vulnerable’ – discursively positioned in terms of
an obligation on behalf of the commissioner – the
General Secretariat for Reception of Asylum
Seekers, Manos Logothetis, affirms that such
allegations have been manufactured by NGOs.
Many have responded to Logothetis’s comments,
pointing blame to Greece’s failure to integrate
refugees into the Greek housing and labour markets
in the long-term, and the imminent ineptitude to
meet fundamental human rights in the short-term.
Larger discussions of Greece's obligation to feed
residents of reception centres remain contingent on
notions of ‘illegality’. While the Ministry of Migration
and Asylum has assured the international
community that their provisioning of material need is
in line with national and international law,
Johansson has underscored the EU’s position
remains that “all persons, irrespective of their status,
should benefit from the provisions of EU law,
notably the provisions of the Reception Conditions
Directive, the Qualifications Directive and the Return
Directive, and from the relevant provisions of the EU
Charter of Fundamental Rights.” The IRC has
openly called for the Greek government to provide
belated cash assistance payments and to ensure
the provision of food regardless of legal status, to
assure the health and well-being of those forced to
remain in camps, in line with the commissioner’s
appraisal.
Unceremonious
of
juridic-legal
interpretations, residents of Greece’s camps,
dependent on state-provided food, are left to fend
for themselves, on an empty stomach.
8
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