- 27 c. other issues related to the CPT’s mandate 65. As already noted (cf. paragraph 50), the establishment was clearly in need of more staff, both custodial as well as other categories. In particular, there were no psychologists, educators or vocational training teachers employed at Avlona (although several outside teachers attended the establishment periodically). The CPT recommends that steps be taken to reinforce the staff at the Avlona Institution for Male Juvenile Offenders, in particular by employing psychologists, educators and vocational training teachers. In this connection, the CPT wishes to stress that the staff should be carefully chosen and, more specifically, be persons capable of guiding and motivating young people. 66. The establishment possessed two disciplinary cells (each measuring some 6 m²). The maximum length of the placement in these cells was 10 days for sentenced prisoners and 5 days for those on remand. Conditions in the cells were totally unacceptable: they were devoid of any equipment (including no mattresses), their “windows” were small openings below the ceiling without glass, there was no artificial lighting, the floor-level toilets were blocked with rubbish, and the walls were smeared with excrement. Each cell had an adjacent narrow corridor (6 m²), where inmates could apparently take “outdoor exercise”. Further, there was evidence of gross overcrowding: an examination of the disciplinary records6 revealed that up to 10 inmates had on occasion been subject to disciplinary isolation at the same time. 67. 6 The CPT recommends that: - immediate steps be taken to set up an appropriately equipped disciplinary unit. In addition to beds with mattresses, the unit’s cells should be fitted with a table and chair, if necessary, fixed to the floor; - all prisoners placed in a disciplinary cell be guaranteed at least one hour of outdoor exercise per day, and be allowed to have access to reading matter; - a specific register be established for the disciplinary unit, setting out full details of persons held in it: date and time of entering and leaving the unit; grounds for the detention and destination on departure; cell occupied; etc. The records in question were the protocols from the sittings of the disciplinary board; however, there was no register for the disciplinary unit.