absence of asylum services within the "Hot Spot" for the effective evaluation of newcomers' applications within a reasonable amount of time, the limited staff for all services provided in the "Hot Spot", and not expanding the police staff called to guard the "Hot Spot" and simultaneously meet the policing needs of the island. It should be noted that the area where it was decided that the “Hot Spot” be built and operate is characterized by its immensely far distance from the city of Kos and its isolation from areas of tourist activity in the island, as well as from the residential areas. This was the minimum compromise which finally made the authorities and the local community change their minds, after the prior refusal for a “Hot Spot” to be built on the island. As such, the remote location of the “Hot Spot” in relation to the city creates an additional problem of those who are in it being completely isolated. In any case, until the beginning of July, there were around 437 people staying in the “Hot Spot” in Kos, most of which had been transferred from other islands. 2.2.2. Administrative Detention and Conditions of Detention During our visit to the island and given new information, as they had taken into effect after the EU-Turkey Agreement had come into force, all new arrivals that were not identified as vulnerable cases were led to the Second Police Station of Dodecanese. Based on the practices the authorities on the island have adopted, families, namely mothers and children, are not detained and, as such, the men of the families are taken into custody and families are separated. There are three detention facilities split into two separate areas, one that holds the men and the other that is for women. During the time of our visit to the detention centers, in one there were 30 men, when the center’s capacity is 25 people and in the other there were 26 men, when its capacity is 17 people. Furthermore, there were 8 women in the third center, 5 of which were citizens of the Dominican Republic, 2 were Palestinians and 1 was Afghan. In extreme cases of the detention centers overcrowding, there is the ability to make use of the detention center in Port Authority, which has a capacity of 10 people. Furthermore, from the moment the Agreement came into force to the time of our mission, two readmissions from Kos to Turkey had taken place. One involved 50 people and the other involved mainly Pakistani and Bangladeshi citizens. A few days later 28 more people were readmitted to Turkey. Finally, none of the detainees had stayed in the center for more than 25 days, the highest limit law 4375/2016 permits in article 14 about “Residence Status and Procedures in Reception Centers and Identification and Mobile Units” The living conditions cannot be described as anything other than abhorrent and hygiene conditions were tragic and unbearable. These specific detention centers are not built for multiday stays and of course not built for so many people. There are not enough mattresses or blankets 6

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