Introduction
The Samos Closed Controlled Access Centre (CCAC) opened in September 2021 as the first EUfunded facility in what was proposed as a more ‘humane’ approach to ‘accommodating’
people on the Greek hotspot islands (1). The EU Commissioner for Home Affairs, Ylva Johansson,
stated in March earlier that year that these facilities would not be closed, would have areas for
families and vulnerable people, would ensure children attend school, and were ‘designed to
make the process fair and efficient, including for those who are not allowed to stay’ (1). Not only
was Johansson’s promise that these EU-funded facilities would not be ‘closed’ contradicted
when the sites opened as CCACs, the situation unfolding in the CCACs has fallen drastically
short of Johansson’s other March 2021 commitments.
In February 2023, Samos-based civil society organisation I Have Rights (IHR) published a report
demonstrating that the Samos CCAC is a site of unlawful de facto detention of people on the
move (from now on referred to as ‘IHR’s report’). The report argued that the CCAC constitutes a
systemic breach of the right to liberty and amounts to inhuman and degrading treatment, in
violation of articles 3 and 5 of the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR). The following
paper returns to the findings of IHR’s report—published only 9 months ago—to reflect on recent
developments in the Samos CCAC. The continuously changing dynamics within the CCAC may
provide insight into the broader situation for accessing protection and support. This paper
highlights how the inconsistent decision-making and enforced waiting by the authorities in the
CCAC contribute to and exacerbate the undignified and dehumanising conditions of the de
facto detention shown in IHR’s report.
IHR has observed and received testimony from individuals regarding the new temporary
accommodation space in the former quarantine zone, suspension of interpretation services,
restrictions to food provision, and extensive delays for police registration and substantive
asylum interviews. Since August 2023, the number of arrivals to Samos has sharply increased
and in October 2023 the CCAC’s population exceeded capacity by 250%. In response, a new
wave of unofficial changes were brought in, exacerbating the measures and conditions of
detention. Where the authorities may dismiss this as the CCAC being further overwhelmed; this
paper argues that the authorities were rather strategically ignorant of their preparedness.
Moreover, these changes are not simply responsive decisions, but part of a practice that
reinforces control over the rights of people on the move whilst displacing responsibility.
In the first section, this paper borrows postcolonial scholar Gayatri Spivak’s concept of
‘sanctioned ignorance’ (2) to address the Greek and EU authorities’ inconsistent decisionmaking, and what Glenda Garelli and Martina Tazzioli called ‘governing by nongoverning’ in
camps (3). Spivak’s concept originally referred to how the Western literary canon is tainted by
imperialist assumptions that is nonetheless ignorant and widely sanctioned by scholars. This
paper develops her critique of sanctioned ignorance as epistemic violence into sanctioned
ignorance as a material violence, helping to constitute the CCAC as a space of detention.
1