CONTENTS GLOSSARY...................................................................................................................5 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................6 1.1. CONTEXT...........................................................................................................7 2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY....................................................................................11 3. DETENTION PRACTICES .........................................................................................12 3.1. DETENTION OF IRREGULAR MIGRANTS ...........................................................12 3.2. DETENTION OF ASYLUM-SEEKERS...................................................................14 3.3. CRIMINALIZATION OF IRREGULAR MIGRATION ................................................18 3.4. EFFECTIVENESS OF REMEDIES CHALLENGING DETENTION ..............................20 3.5. ACCESS TO LEGAL AND OTHER ASSISTANCE....................................................22 3.5.1. ACCESS TO COUNSEL AND RIGHT TO LEGAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERPRETATION ...............................................................................................22 3.5.2. COMMUNICATION WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD...........................................24 3.6. POLICE IRREGULARITIES.................................................................................26 3.6.1. IRREGULARITIES DURING DETENTION ......................................................26 3.6.2. IRREGULARITIES UPON RELEASE .............................................................27 3.6.3. IRREGULARITIES IN THE HANDLING OF ASYLUM-APPLICATIONS ...............27 4. DETENTION OF UNACCOMPANIED CHILDREN.........................................................29 4.1. PROLONGED DETENTION.................................................................................30 4.2. UNACCOMPANIED CHILDREN DETAINED WITH ADULTS....................................32 5. DETENTION CONDITIONS.......................................................................................34

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