blankets and stopped providing them, meaning that people who newly arrive receive either no blankets at all or just a flimsy summer blanket.” 1031 As further reported by RSA in December 2024, in Lesvos, living conditions inside the CCAC are characterised, among others, by a lack of hot water, shortages of clothing and blankets, poor-quality food and shortages in medical and psychological support. Regarding the latter, the report refers to the response of the Reception and Identification Service of 11 November 2024, according to which for 3,333 residents “there is only one general practitioner, one gynaecologist, two midwives, six nurses, one laboratory technician, two psychologists, and one social worker in the CCAC. Newly arrived individuals undergo a basic medical check-up, while no psychosocial evaluation is conducted.”1032 Dire conditions were also reported in the Kos CCAC by RSA in December 2024, a primary concern being the severe degradation of the facility's infrastructure, characterised by significant structural defects, inadequate maintenance, and critical failures in sewage and biological treatment systems, often resulting in instances of raw sewage inundation. Further, the provision of food and potable water was reported as insufficient in both quality and quantity, with residents reporting adverse health effects, including dermatological issues, attributable to unsanitary living conditions and a critical lack of essential hygiene products.1033 Ongoing challenges with regards to medical services were also reported. Based on GCR’s presence in the field in Kos, there is a total and chronic lack of adequate medical services, which also impacts locals. There is no capacity to actually screen vulnerabilities or provide them with the health care they need. Unaccompanied and separated children face additional barriers when they reach the CCAC. Until a guardian is appointed, these children have no one to provide them with clothes, shoes or a cell phone to call home and talk to their family. Unaccompanied children also have to spend about two to three weeks in a fenced area called a ‘safe area’ until they are transferred to a shelter for unaccompanied children. There is nothing to do in the safe area, no activities, recreational or otherwise. It is a container surrounded by barbed wire1034.1035 During 2024, similar dire conditions were also reported in the Leros CCAC and the facility’s "safe area.” Shortages of medical personnel and deficiencies in necessities persisted, mirroring the situation at the CCAC. Persistence of water shortages were also reported due to “the island’s acute water scarcity and maintenance issues with the desalination plant that supplies the facility”1036 and inadequate medical personnel, which “[…] comprises only six nurses, one midwife, one psychologist, and one social worker. Medical screening is carried out by the RIS medical unit, involving nurses and periodic visits by doctors to the island. This arrangement means that medical assessments for newly arrived individuals are essentially unavailable, making it impossible to identify potential vulnerabilities. Furthermore, due to the lack of personnel, accessing medical assistance for residents is extremely challenging”, as noted by RSA.1037 Similar dire conditions were also reported in the Chios CCAC during 2024. There has not been a permanent doctor at the CCAC since 2021. According to the Reception and Identification Service’s response to RSA (as of November 11, 2024), “the facility employs six nurses, two midwives, three social workers, and two psychologists. Nurses handle medical documentation and forward it to a doctor who signs the medical records. Primary healthcare services are unavailable in the afternoons and on 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 FENIX, A Blanket Violation of Rights: The Lack of Winterisation of the Mavrovouni C.C.A.C, 27 November 2024, available here. RSA, Lesvos, 10 December 2024, available at: https://rsaegean.org/el/lesvos-2024/. RSA, Kos, 10 December 2024, available at: https://rsaegean.org/el/kos-2024/. GCR, Refugee and migrant children arrivals in Greece quadruple this year, press release, 17 July 2024, available here. In the context of their right of reply, submitted on 10 September 2025, the Greek General Secretariat for Vulnerable Persons and Institutional Protection noted that clothes, shoes and communication are provided by the child protection actor operating in the safe area, complementing any distributions made by RIS, and that activities are provided by the staff of the child protection actor as well. RSA, Leros, 10 December 2024, available at: https://rsaegean.org/en/leros-2024/. RSA, Leros, 10 December 2024, available at: https://rsaegean.org/en/leros-2024/. 215