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European Journal of Criminology 10(6)
and put you in a centre, and you will stay there until you go back, then there will
be no clientele for Greece. The trafficker, then, may want to sell his product, but
there will be no public to sell it to.
Interviewer: Let’s hope so, given that at least over the last decade, [Greece] was for tourist
offices, as you mean them, the best destination. […] The Seychelles of illegal
immigration.
Minister:
It’s exactly as you put it.
(SKAI, 4 October 2012)
As with the very fact of administrative detention, Minister Dendias also attributed a
deterrent potential to the specific conditions under which irregular migrants are held in
Greece. An immigration detention centre, he stated, ‘is not a space where one can have a
party’, or a ‘hotel’. Conditions in Greek immigration detention centres, he went on to
say, stand at the ‘lowest acceptable civilised minimum’, as they, too, may contribute to
the goal of discouraging illegal immigration by sending a message that the country is
‘unfriendly’ to it. Indeed, Dendias suggested, the deterrent effect of administrative detention as such is inversely proportional to the particular quality of detention conditions
(SKAI, 4 October 2012).
In the same interview, the minister made the further assertion that Greece respects
and observes the standards set by the European Union. This assertion not only indirectly
denied the mass of independent reports attesting to the contrary. Nor did the minister’s
assertion simply imply that conditions in Greek immigration detention centres are as
good as or no worse than elsewhere in the continent. It also paved the way to the claim
that responsibility for at least some of the centres’ most controversial aspects (e.g. the
use of containers to house detainees) rests beyond the Greek state itself (SKAI, 4 October
2012). Similarly, the very reliance on immigration detention pending deportation was
described by the minister as an unavoidable choice according to international experience, as ‘the internationally accepted and sole mechanism of confronting migratory
flows’. This was despite the fact that many different domestic and foreign groups and
organisations, including formal European authorities, have long been calling upon the
Greek state seriously to consider alternatives to administrative detention of migrants,
especially for vulnerable groups such as unaccompanied children and pregnant women
(see e.g. Amnesty International, 2010; ICJ and ECRE, 2013; Pro Asyl, 2012; UNHCHR,
31 January 2013).
Greek state authorities have also evoked financial difficulties in an effort to explain
away responsibility for the conditions in immigration detention centres across the country, particularly since the financial crisis hit Greece in 2009 (Cheliotis, in progress).
Although here it is recognised, at least implicitly, that action should be taken to improve
conditions of detention, Greece’s failure to take such action has, in fact, been due to how
funding is administered, much more so than a matter of limited financial resources. To
take one example relating to the administration of domestic funding, in 2011, two years
into the financial crisis, the Greek state chose to pay €1.38 million towards the renovation and conversion into a museum of the Nebojsa Tower in Belgrade, in order to honour
a hero of the struggle for Greek independence who was imprisoned and put to death there
Downloaded from euc.sagepub.com at Oxford University Libraries on November 25, 2013
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