16 detained on public order grounds. In one case, violence (GBV).28 By the time we published the the judge accepted the argument that the client second edition, however, the police had was not a threat to public order despite being changed their practice: between November accused of a crime and the individual was 2021 and January 2023, no women were released, while another judge rejected the detained in the PRDC.29 argument in an almost identical case. Those In April 2023, however, the police reintroduced two cases are discussed further in Part 4 of Section IV on the right to an effective remedy and demonstrate the many barriers to challenging arbitrary detention practices on Kos. the practice of detaining single women. From April to May 2023, at least three women were detained in the PRDC.30 All three women were rejected asylum seekers who were transferred to the Kos PRDC after their asylum procedure had concluded on Leros. Further discussed in B. Demographics the detention conditions section below, the This section provides an overview of the conditions for women detained in the PRDC demographics of clients detained in the PRDC were particularly abhorrent as the facilities and during focusing authorities were, and remain, ill-equipped to particularly on the unlawful detention of meet the specific needs of women. Such needs certain groups. During the last reporting include: separate accommodation spaces, extra period, only single men were detained in the guarantees for privacy and safety, and specific PRDC, meaning no women, families, or safeguards for survivors of gender-based recognized minors were detained in the PRDC. violence, among other things. the reporting period, This year, Equal Rights observed the reintroduction of the detention of women, in addition to the continuation of the detention of vulnerable persons and minors incorrectly registered as adults. Equal Rights was able to interview one of three women for this report, Lana. At the time Equal Rights staff met with Lana, they noted that the client was in a poor physical and emotional state due to her detention. Throughout her 1. Detention of Women interview, she shared personal concerns over a When the first edition of this report was lack published in November 2021, women were particularly over the lack of separate space and regularly detained in the PRDC, and we yard for women in the Kos PRDC. As she highlighted the inadequate and unlawful explained, "If I go out, I just walk out the door of conditions for women in detention, including the room for a few minutes and go back in." women being housed in mix-gender sections Moreover, Lana noted that the room she was and facing a lack of security, especially for placed in "was very dirty" but that the police women who were survivors of gender-based refused to house her in a different section of suitable accommodation and Detained and Forgotten, supra note 1, at 50-51, 57, 61, 65. Still Detained and Forgotten, supra note 2, at 10-11, 17. 30 Equal Rights was only aware of three women who were detained during the reporting period, two of whom they were only made aware of after an Equal Rights staff observed their presence during a visit for another client. However, the authorities do not publish statistics broken down by sex and gender, so it is possible that more women were detained during the relevant period than reported here. 28 29 ‘Still detained and forgotten’ – Update on Detention Policies, Practices, and Conditions on Kos 2023/24