Out of the spotlight: The rights of foreigners and minorities are still a grey area 67 • training of law enforcement officials should include training on the use of force, and should be designed to address racist or discriminatory attitudes and behaviour among officers; • a permanent, independent monitoring and inspection body should be mandated to make regular, unannounced and unrestricted visits to all facilities in which asylum-seekers are detained and to ensure that international and domestic law and standards are adhered to. Amnesty International calls on the EU Commission responsible for reviewing the application of the Dublin II Regulation to consider the responsibilities of Greece for the refoulement of persons who may have suffered persecution upon return to their countries because they have been denied the right to have their applications re-examined in substance following a decision of “interruption”. Amnesty International also calls on the EU Commission responsible for monitoring the application of the Directive on Reception Conditions to consider the responsibilities of Greece for not providing: adequate living conditions to persons in detention; adequate access to interpreters; and adequate legal assistance. 5.3 Recommendations regarding the protection of the rights of migrants Amnesty International urges the authorities to review their policies of detaining migrants with a view to ensuring that: • the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families is ratified; • detention of unaccompanied children is prohibited and there is a presumption against the detention of individuals such as women with children; • mechanisms are put into place to ensure the right of all migrants to challenge the lawfulness of their detention, including the right to appeal, and compensation is made available to those found to have been unlawfully detained; • any allegations of racism, ill-treatment and other abuses of those held in detention should be investigated immediately in compliance with relevant international law and standards and those allegedly responsible should be dealt with appropriately by being brought to justice. To this end, mechanisms should be introduced to ensure that detainees have regular access to independent bodies able to process such complaints, including criminal courts; • a permanent, independent monitoring and inspection body is mandated to make regular, unannounced and unrestricted visits to all facilities in which migrants are confined and to ensure that international and domestic law and standards are adhered to; • female staff are used in centres where women are housed, in order to ensure the physical protection of women in the centres; Amnesty International 5 October 2005 AI Index: EUR 25/016/2005