In June, a biometric registration process was implemented for foreigners aged over 18 who had entered Chile through unauthorized border crossings before 30 May 2023. This caused concern in the context of the government’s restrictive practices and proposals regarding migrants and refugees, including irregular expulsions. The government issued the National Migration Policy´s decree in December, which enforced measures such as biometric registration and the creation of a committee in charge of expulsions. LGBTI PEOPLE’S RIGHTS After a judgment from the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the government acknowledged Chile’s responsibility for violating the rights to equality and nondiscrimination in the case of Sandra Pavez Pavez, a teacher who was discriminated against because of her sexual orientation. SEXUAL AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE Women in Chile continued to be affected by gender-based violence. A bill to progress towards a comprehensive approach to addressing violence against women was still pending approval in Congress. SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS The Comprehensive Sex Education Bill announced in 2022 had not been passed by the end of the year. Chile made no progress in adopting a legal framework to fully decriminalize abortion and ensure equal and barrier-free access to safe abortion services. HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS A law on the protection of human rights defenders had not been passed by the end of the year. The government did, however, start drafting a protocol for the protection of human rights defenders, the environment, communicators, and justice system operators. The State of the World’s Human Rights RIGHT TO A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT The government rejected the Dominga mining project in the Coquimbo region because of its environmental impact, but approved the Los Bronces Integrado mining project in the Metropolitan region, despite opposition by environmental organizations. Chile announced its implementation plan for the Escazú Agreement. 1. “Chile: 50 years since the coup d’état, exercising historical memory is vital for the country’s future”, 8 September 2. “Chile: Bill on privileged legitimate defence could increase police abuses and impunity for these crimes”, 30 March 3. “Chilean prosecutor must act against impunity”, 4 October 4. “Chile: Comprehensive reparation for human rights violations committed in the context of the social upheaval”, 31 May (Spanish only) 5. “Peru/Chile: Authorities must end militarization of borders in response to arrival of people in need of protection”, 27 April 6. Americas: Regularization and Protection. International Obligations for the Protection of Venezuelan Nationals, 21 September 7. Chile: “No One Wants to Live in Hiding”: Lack of Protection for Venezuelan Refugees in Chile, 7 March CHINA People’s Republic of China National security continued to be used as a pretext to prevent the exercise of rights including freedoms of expression, association and assembly. Both on- and offline discussion of many topics was subject to strict censorship. Human rights defenders were among those subjected to arbitrary detention and unfair trials. The human rights situation in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region remained grave and there was no accountability for grave human rights violations committed against Uyghurs, Kazakhs and other predominantly Muslim ethnic minorities in the region. UN experts raised new concerns that government policies and programmes were contributing to the destruction of the language and culture of ethnic groups, including Tibetans. Women’s rights activists were subjected to harassment, intimidation, 127