To the Turkish and Greek governments: likely to persist. The systematic human rights violations in the Operation area Poseidon Land and Sea fulfill both these criteria. • We call on the Greek and the Turkish governments to publish the contents of the bilateral agreements concerning irregular migration and readmission that were signed in March 2013. Official statements only confirm that there is a very close cooperation regarding migration issues on the operational level. To the governments of the EU Members States: • We call on all EU Member States to ease visa requirements, broaden the grounds for To the EU Commission Justice and Home Affairs: family reunification and issue humanitarian visas for refugees – especially for those fleeing Syria – in transit through Turkey. This would create safe and legal access to EU territory. • We call on the European Commission to progress swiftly with the current infringement procedures against Greece, regarding failure to comply with the Asylum Procedures and Returns Directives. Concerning the Reception Directive, we urge them to re-open infringement procedures. • Refugees and asylum seekers who are trapped in Greece, need the right to legally travel on to the European states where their families live, and where they will have a chance of receiving protection; we call on all Member States to prolong the suspension of Dublin returns of asylum seekers to Greece. • We also call for a thorough investigation into whether EU funds allocated to Greece have been used to facilitate human rights violations as described in this report. A comprehensive evaluation of the utilization of EU Funds within the field of border controls, returns and asylum in Greece is necessary. To the United Nations Committee Against Torture (UNCAT), Council of Europe Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT): • To investigate and to take steps to address Greece and Turkey’s serious transgressions. To the European Ombudsman: • We call on the Ombudsman to investigate any direct or indirect involvement of Frontex Poseidon Land and Sea units in the illegal push-back operations. To the Executive Director of Frontex: • Frontex must terminate its operations in Greece. The Frontex Regulation clarifies that the Executive Director shall suspend or terminate, in whole or in part, joint operations if he considers that violations of a serious nature have occurred, or are XVI | r ECOMMENDATIONS | sUMMARY sUMMARY | r ECOMMENDATIONS | XVII