- 56 Moreover, many prison staff complained about working up to 14 days consecutively without time off and about overtime and extra shifts not paid, and reported that they were seeking professional help due to the stress. Such a state of affairs not only increases considerably the likelihood of burnout, but also undermines motivation. This in turn increases the risks for both staff and prisoners. The current staffing levels in the Greek prison system must be radically increased, starting with Korydallos Men’s Prison. The CPT reiterates its recommendation to the Greek authorities that staffing levels in all prisons be urgently reviewed and increased to levels which ensure effective control and a safe environment for prisoners and staff, as well as the possibility to put in place a programme of activities for all prisoners. 93. The lack of staff combined with budgetary difficulties means that there is in practice no inservice training for staff and that possibilities for professional development are extremely limited. In parallel with increasing the number of staff in post, efforts must be made to re-introduce a minimum number of days of in-service training for prison officers, both as a means to refresh their skills and to develop team building. In addition, with roughly two thirds of the prison population being foreign nationals, there is a need to promote learning in the areas of diversity and interpersonal skills. The CPT recommends that the Greek authorities develop a comprehensive plan for staff training, including on intercultural communication, in order to strengthen the motivation and performance of prison officers. b. contact with the outside world 94. The CPT recalls that the guiding principle should be to promote contact with the outside world as often as possible; any restrictions on such contacts should be based exclusively on security concerns of an appreciable nature.59 The situation regarding contact with the outside world has not evolved since 2013 despite clear recommendations from the Committee to address two important aspects associated with visits. First, the CPT considers that the current entitlement of sentenced prisoners to one visit of 30 minutes per week should be reviewed with a view to increasing the amount of visiting time to a least one hour every week. Further, as regards prisoners whose families live far away from the establishment in which they are held, a degree of flexibility in the application of the rules on visits should be permitted and such prisoners should be allowed to accumulate visiting time. Second, it remains the case that most visits continue to take place with the prisoner and visitor(s) physically separated from each other by a screen. The CPT considers that the rule should be to offer open visits to all prisoners with closed visits being the exception, based on security considerations. The CPT reiterates its recommendations that the Greek authorities take steps to increase the visiting time for sentenced prisoners to one hour per week and that prisoners whose families live far away be allowed to accumulate visiting time. Further, visits with a physical separation between the prisoner and the visitor(s) should be the exception rather than the rule. 59 See also European Prison Rule 24.2.

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