Table 7. Annual apprehensions of irregular migrants at Greek-Turkish land and sea borders Year Land Border Sea Borders TOTAL 2008 14,461 30,149 44,610 2009 8,787 27,685 36,472 2010 47,088 6,204 53,292 2011 54,974 1,114 56,088 2012 30,433 3,651 34,043 2013 1,122 11,447 12,233 2014 (Aug.) 1,133 22,089 23,222 Between 2010 and 2012, around EUR 41 million were allocated by the External Borders fund to fence the Greek-Turkish land border i.e. 36% of the available annual 2010-2012 EBF grant.67 If we include in our calculations the cost of the Evros fence and the Frontex operational contribution (Rabbit, Poseidon Land 2010-2012), then between 2010 and 2012 the overall funds set aside for the Greek-Turkish land border, appear to have been around EUR 67 million.68 These were invested in a land strip of 206 km, with the understanding that this was a passage of strategic significance. A2. Assessing the cost-effectiveness If we assess the effectiveness of these measures in terms of absolute numbers, then this was indeed an effective policy since it drastically reduced the number of irregular arrivals through the specific landstrip. The available data show that this decrease continued in the course of 2014, indicating that the policy has been successful thus far. However, if we assess the effectiveness of this policy in relative numbers, then it appears less successful, since the reduction through the land-border was accompanied with a parallel steady rise in entries through the sea border. The figures of 2014, for example, suggest that the entries have so far doubled in comparison to 2013. It might be useful at this point, to look at the overall number of irregular arrivals that show that entry through land or sea border has been shifting in the overall, even in the absence of a 67 Calculation based on the Annual Programs submitted by the Ministry of Citizen protection to the External Borders Fund, available at http://www.astynomia.gr/index.php?option=ozo_content&perform=view&id=2231&Itemid=440 68 Calculation based on: (a) Operational Cost of Poseidon Land 2010, 2011, 2012; (b)Annual Programs 2010, 2011, 2012 EBF (EU funding and National Resources); (c)Construction of Evros Fence (d) Rabit Operation. Page 31