In a similar case, three other members of Golden Dawn were arrested in the city of
Volos while transporting Molotov cocktails and bullets. One of them confessed
that he intended to set a makeshit mosque in Volos on ire. The result? The
examining magistrate let them walk free on restrictive terms.45 Although we
do not intend to criticize the restrictive terms regime, we should however note
that this milder measure (compared to temporary detention) of restriction of
personal freedom was the magistrate’s choice in a country with an otherwise
strong tradition of temporary detention, especially regarding crimes related to
public order and security: out of a total of 12,479 prisoners in the country, 4,254
await trial.46
The violent incidents against foreigners, homosexuals, Romani and “political enemies”
that were reported, recorded or published number in the hundreds, and the actual number of all such incidents remains unknown. Such attacks are not always
easy to detect. In part this is because foreign victims, the most typical though
not exclusive target of such attacks, are afraid to report their cases to the authorities, as there is no protective framework for them.
This fear is not accidental and has everything to do with the violence experienced by
victims and witnesses. According to an eyewitness of the attempted murder
against Dimitris Kousouris, “about ten people were holding sticks, thick wooden
sticks from fences, about 1.5 metres long. They were marching orderly, like soldiers … They were tall, big; they had a goon-like appearance and were it … They
started beating the young men, all together, with the sticks … The third one
had already fallen down from the hits on his head, and the whole group of ten
kept beating him with the sticks, they were kicking him as he lay down. [Person
X.] and I approached the perpetrators, we put ourselves in danger … One of the
young men who were lying down was full of blood, there was blood everywhere,
and his face was deformed by the hits. We told the perpetrators ‘go away already, you killed him’. Four or ive of them kept beating him, while the others had
formed a ring around them, waving their sticks so that nobody could approach
to help”. However, having so vividly described the incident, which must have
stuck in mind, this witness refused to answer the examining magistrate’s questions and identify the perpetrators, and at the same time refused to provide any
facial description, repeating: “I do not remember”.
B | A LOST CHANCE FOR THE JUDICIARY
“A lot of people had surrounded us, maybe 30 persons. They told us that
the perpetrators were about ten persons, hair cut short; they were holding
wooden sticks … We did not ask for the identities of the people there, because
they talked nonsense”. This is an excerpt of testimony by a police oicer
regarding witnesses to the attempted murder of Dimitris Kousouris; it is
45.
46.
See http://news.kathimerini.gr/4dcgi/_w_articles_ell_3_22/11/2012_502511.
Ministry of Justice, oicial data.
MAPPING ULTRA-RIGHT EXTREMISM, XENOPHOBIA AND RACISM WITHIN THE GREEK STATE APPARATUS
| 47
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